Advanced Therapies Journal

Advanced Therapies Journal

Predictive Genetic Biomarkers of Chemotherapy Response in Common Cancers: Current Evidence and Perspectives for Targeted Therapies

Reviewers

Author
Yasamin Fateme Saremi
North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/atj.2026.252683
Abstract
Predictive genetic Biomarkers have assumed a central role to the evolution of precision oncology by enabling individualized cancer treatment and improving therapeutic outcomes. This review comprehensively summarizes the current landscape of genetic biomarkers used to predict chemotherapy response across major various solid tumors, such as those affecting the breast and colorectum, lung, and other common cancers. We discuss the molecular basis of chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance, highlighting key mechanisms such as DNA repair alterations, gene mutations, epigenetic modifications, and tumor heterogeneity. Furthermore, we present a structured classification of predictive biomarkers, ranging from germline and somatic variants to gene-expression signatures and multi-omics-based profiles. The clinical utility of biomarker-guided targeted therapies is also evaluated, emphasizing their role in optimizing treatment selection, minimizing toxicity, and enhancing survival outcomes. Despite significant advances in genomic technologies, challenges remain in biomarker validation, standardization, and clinical translation, especially in relation to of tumor heterogeneity and real-world implementation. Emerging approaches such as liquid biopsy and AI-based technologies, and integrated multi-omics analysis are expected to further refine predictive accuracy and support dynamic treatment monitoring. Additionally, ongoing research in diverse solid tumors highlights the expanding applicability of biomarkers in immunotherapy and targeted therapy selection. Overall, This review emphasizes the profound impact of impact of predictive genetic biomarkers in modern oncology and their critical role in advancing personalized cancer therapy.
Keywords
Predictive genetic biomarkers
Chemotherapy response
Precision oncology
Targeted therapy
Molecular profiling
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  • Receive Date 10 June 2026
  • Revise Date 24 July 2026
  • Accept Date 30 August 2026